humanitarian principles, icrc

I will therefore focus my argument on these two : independence and neutrality. The fact that ICRCs action is guided by a clear set of humanitarian principles does not mean that it is the only acceptable way of working, and there can be complementarity between approaches. Because of the centrality of the humanitarian principles in the ICRCs action and the role that the Red Cross Red Crescent Movement has played in shaping these principles, we see the need to create a space for a conversation on humanitarian principles, starting today. We also welcome strong indications by our donor that the ICRC shall not be penalized by new financing mechanisms, such as the CERF and pooled funding, which are targeting UN agencies and, potentially, their respective NGO implementing partners. Yet, humanitarian action was born not from an abstract idea but on the battlefield. I think now with the peace gradually returning to South Sudan, maybe the perception by other authorities or other sides towards the UN will change. Videos can also be watched and discussed in class, as an introduction to the topic triggering questions and debate.3. Humanity, impartiality, neutrality, and independence have become household names in the humanitarian community. What is expected of them is that they respect the organisations'need to apply these principles. The purpose of humanitarian action is to prevent and alleviate human suffering, wherever it may be found a seemingly indisputable intention. Researchers may wish to use them as informative sources for their research projects on this topic. For this post, as part of our series 'Back to basics: humanitarian principles in contemporary armed conflict', we sat down with John Lobor, the Secretary General of the South Sudan Red Cross . Analysis / Back to basics: humanitarian principles in contemporary armed conflict / Call for contributions / Humanitarian Action / Law and Conflict John Lobor, 13 mins read 41 Humanitarian jobs available in City of Richardson, TX on Indeed.com. We also had to follow the principles of humanity and impartiality in terms of responding to the material needs of the population, a principle whereby assistance is provided based on need. It takes a little bit of time to ensure that you have engaged and trained members and volunteers to understand what these principles mean in real life. The federal tax exemption for Humanitarian Environmental Animal Team was automatically revoked on 15 November, 2016 for not filing a form 990-series return or notice for three consecutive years. From our experience in this part of the world we should perhaps add an additional humanitarian principle: perseverance. ), Find out more about saving to your Kindle, Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511755958.007. Specific teaching tools on IHL and humanitarian principles. ICRC statements, publications, event reports) about IHL and humanitarian principles and related topics. hasContentIssue true, The International Committee of the Red Cross, ICRC structure and management: personnel, policy making, resources, The ICRC and international humanitarian law, The ICRC and selected private relief agencies, The ICRC: one of the Big Four relief agencies, Freymond, Humanitarian Policy and Pragmatism,, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511755958.007, Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. It establishes, in the words of Art. Humanity, impartiality, neutrality, and independence have become household names in the humanitarian community. Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service. The Humanitarian Principles - YouTube The EU is committed to promoting global respect and compliance with International Humanitarian Law, together with the Humanitarian Principles -. The National Societies, while auxiliaries in the humanitarian services of their governments and subject to the laws of their respective countries, must always maintain their autonomy so that they may be able at all times to act in accordance with the principles of the Movement. Videos: the entire session can then be watched at once, or by chapter, depending on the need and specific interest of each user. The ICRC, while not ruling out the possibility of some type of cooperation with most of these, cooperates (or not) according to a particular set of principles and policies. The text of a speech delivered by the director-general of the ICRC, Mr Angelo Gnaedinger, at the conference Humanitarian Aid in the Spotlight: upcoming challenges for European actors held in Lisbon on 12 October 2007. It is therefore an important aspect of our policy on staff security. Beyond their practical and legal dimensions, the principles reflect a high ideal of humanity, morality and universality. Working in some of the most complex environments to protect and assist vulnerable populations, impartial humanitarian organizations too often become victims of threats and violence. Thus there are certain principles, such as those of humanity and of non-discrimination, which in a sense are common to both. Yet, meeting conflict-related needs is challenging, as crisis tends to come hand in hand with high levels of mistrust, division and violence, all of which can hinder humanitarian action. Armed forces also have a very important military role to play in providing security. For this post, as part of our series Back to basics: humanitarian principles in contemporary armed conflict, we sat down with John Lobor, the Secretary General of the South Sudan Red Cross Society, to discuss how the Fundamental Principles guided the South Sudan Red Cross in its initial setup and through the nascent countrys armed conflict. The Advanced IHL Learning Series combine theory and practice and make use of videos, reading materials and various other teaching tools. It cannot be expected that States and donors governments be neutral and independent. Of course, the most difficult and challenging time that we went through was during the outbreak of the conflict in early 2013. We also had to keep in mind the principle of unity there can only be one National Society, Red Cross or Red Crescent, within the Republic of South Sudan, and it must be open to all. Sudan and Afghanistan are a case in point: Amidst repeated debates on how to resolve the ongoing conflicts in Darfur, often mixing humanitarian advocacy with political and military choices, the number of attacks on humanitarian organizations on the ground increased, while the fragmentations and the in- fighting among different belligerent groups created a highly complex and dangerous environment for all of us. UnityThere can be only one Red Cross or one Red Crescent Society in any one country. Lets start at the beginning. Can you describe a bit how the Fundamental Principles guide your engagement with the UN? The ICRC, while supporting efforts to strengthen the UN humanitarian response and participating in this process in a constructive manner, has explained from the onset that it will not take part in the cluster system as it cannot be accountable to the UN system through the Emergency Relief Coordinator, or the Humanitarian Coordinator at the country level. Humanitarian principles: Operational relevance (3), 4. November 17, 2022,Analysis / Back to basics: humanitarian principles in contemporary armed conflict / Humanitarian Action / Law and Conflict 9 mins read. I have been asked to talk to you about the humanitarian principles and why they are still relevant today. We understand that the proposed European Consensus calls on the European Union to adhere to and promote the Military and Civil Defence Assets and Oslo guidelines, which state that Military and Civil Defence or Protection capabilities should be employed by humanitarian agencies as a last resort; that is - only in the absence of any other available civilian alternative. This flows from the principle of State sovereignty, general international law and the human rights obligations of States. Tags: contemporary armed conflict, humanitarian principles, ICRC, neutrality, Red Cross Red Crescent, Ukraine, 9 mins read Jrmie Labb has been heading up the "Principles Guiding Humanitarian Action" project at the ICRC since July 2014. To set the stage, we can focus briefly on two fundamental subjects: the ICRC's core role of humanizing war, and the relevance to the organization of the official seven Red Cross principles. They promote an operational approach dictated solely by existing humanitarian needs. So those were two important principles that we had to refer to in terms of the recruitment. That means we had to recruit members and volunteers from the different communities of South Sudan. We hope that the European Consensus will recognise this by encouraging all humanitarian actors to document their distinctive comparative advantages in responding to particular situations and needs. Such acts are sometimes perceived as a testimony of inexcusable detachment in the face of suffering and a failure of moral judgement, rather than a tool to enable action on behalf of all victims. From the historical overview presented in the previous chapters one can extract and analyze the basic principles and policies of the ICRC. Over the last decade, Steward Health Care has perfected a unique vertically and horizontally integrated model that achieves the highest quality care, increases patient access, and substantially reduces total medical expenses. The Good Humanitarian Donorship initiative is an expression of the donors'commitment to a set of very important guiding principles for the funding of humanitarian agencies, such as to ensure pred ictability and flexibility in funding, explore the possibility of reducing earmarking, introduce longer-term funding arrangements, and encourage the development of standardized formats for reporting. The purpose of humanitarian action is to protect life and health and ensure respect for human beings. They said this is the same government that was attacking us. I can give you one clear example, from Juba, where when the conflict broke out, the UN set up protection of civilians (POC) sites where people who saw themselves at risk of persecution fled. Required and suggested readings: before watching the videos, lecturers and humanitarian professionals are invited to familiarize themselves with the topic by working their way through the required and suggested reading. You are well aware that the International Committee of the Red Cross, the ICRC, indeed strongly believes in the importance of these principles. Click on a title to watch the video. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive. From 1948 to the war in Lebanon in 2006, the ICRC has been active in all conflicts between Israel and its neighbours, as much as it has remained operational in the Palestinian occupied territories ever since 1967 and throughout many troubled events and periods stretching from the Black September in 1970 to the second Intifada and the present critical situation in Gaza. Volunteers of the South Sudan Red Cross Society take care of one of three siblings injured by gunshots, that are being evacuated by the ICRC by plane, together with their mother. The Portuguese Ambassador, at the ECOSOC Humanitarian Segment this summer, speaking on behalf of the European Union, confirmed the EU's firm commitment to providing aid, respecting humanitarian principles, as they are taken up in the principles and practice of Good Humanitarian Donorship, which as he reminded the audience - allocate funding on the basis of, and in proportion to, need. While humanity and impartiality are principles that most, if not all, humanitarian actors adhere to, independence and neutrality are more complex. The principles are hierarchically organized and offer both an ethical and an operational framework. The Head of State just signed it because he happened to be the Head of State at that particular time. What are their sources? Before joining the IPI in 2010, Jrmie spent several years with the ICRC, both at headquarters in Geneva (Legal Division) and on various field missions in India, Ethiopia, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and Iraq.Emanuela-Chiara Gillard, Oxford Institute for Ethics, Law and Armed Conflict / European University Institute. Shortly following the creation of the South Sudan Red Cross, the country was plunged into armed conflict. How can anyone provide support to people who sympathize with the enemy? We are convinced that it is this strictly neutral approach that allows us to continue our work in Darfur, where we provide assistance to hundreds of thousands of IDPs and isolated civilians in Gereida and many other places. Today, we feel that our identity as a truly independent actor in this complex post 9/11 environment is well recognized by all major stakeholders in Afghanistan as confirmed by our facilitating role in recent releases of hostages. The fundamental humanitarian principles of humanity, impartiality, neutrality and independence constitute the four common principles to international humanitarian law (IHL) and to the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, as well as to United Nations resolutions and other regional organisation such as the European Union and the African Union. from the University of Cambridge. They told us the reason for the attack was that the South Sudan Red Cross was created by a law signed by President Salva Kiir. In such cases, a clear and unambiguous separation from military objectives must of course be ensured. The art of influencing: how to maximize impact in a complex, interconnected world In a previous place, in a previous life, I was surrounded by a hooded and masked mob about twenty to thirty strong, slowly closing in on me and clearly offering me the opportunity of curtailed life expectancy. But when it comes to partnering in implementing activities, we were very cautious not to engage with the UN because they had their own challenges in terms of restrictions by the government, by the opposition, or even sometimes by the population. Analysis / Back to basics: humanitarian principles in contemporary armed conflict / Humanitarian Action / Law and Conflict milie Charpentier, 10 mins read She is a Solicitor of the Senior Courts of England and Wales. There is nevertheless a link between these two fields, for humanitarian law had its origin in the ideal of the Red Cross, which continues to stimulate its development. But of course, we still continue to build on that, because the credibility of the National Society depends on how we interpret and apply this principle in our day-to-day work. Since 2001 we have also heard the argument that, what some call the " Global war on terrorism " launched in the wake of 9/11 would make these principles obsolete. On 13 . The principles are hierarchically organized and offer both an ethical and an operational framework. Your email address will not be made public. These principles rely on the assumption that even war has limits and that belligerents will allow for the provision of principled humanitarian assistance in a safe and unimpeded way, as long as humanitarians avoid interfering in the dynamics of the conflict. Having read the article of this interview, it is really eye-capturing and full of many experiences the NS volunteers, staff, and members have undergone since its inception back in 2011. The . The Security Council adopted a legally binding resolution on Friday that protects humanitarian activities from all current and future financial prohibitions established by United Nations sanctions regimes. We went into the camp and met with the chiefs to try to understand why the IDPs attacked the volunteers. Email address * This is for content moderation. At the end of the series, users will be able to: 1. In the spirit of going back to the basics, let me open this series with some straightforward considerations. The Advanced IHL Learning Series are a resource for lecturers and trainers who wish to keep abreast of the latest developments in international humanitarian law (IHL) and other related areas. We contend that this way of seeking dialogue will all parties to a conflict is what makes our presence possible in the long run because it offers the best likelihood of being accepted by all parties. better understand the ideals and spirit guiding the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, explain the origin, purpose and relevance of the principles, grasp the respective natures of, and understand the interplay between, humanitarian principles and IHL principles, distinguish between the substantive, operational and institutional nature of the principles, identify how the Geneva Conventions and other sources of IHL stipulate how relief activities are to be conducted in conformity with the humanitarian principles, identify and discuss current challenges to contemporary humanitarian action. How can anyone not take sides in the face of suffering and injustice? Humanitarian principles in action: a Q&A with the South Sudan Red Cross On the eve of the declaration of independence by the Republic of South Sudan in 2011, the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement welcomed the establishment of a new National Red Cross Society - the South Sudan Red Cross. Has data issue: true The ICRC has historically marched to its own drummer. IHL and humanitarian principles matter.It is through renewed collective action that we will preserve our common humanity and make a difference in the lives of millions of people affected by armed . please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. While UN sanctions are not intended to negatively impact the delivery of humanitarian What was the importance of the Fundamental Principles in the development of that National Society in terms of governance and institutional setup? Total loading time: 0.288 That a tension exists between the simplicity of the humanitarian principles and the difficulties associated with their application is beyond dispute. It is not enough to call upon great humanitarian principles. The South Sudan Red Cross is a relatively young National Society, created a little over ten years ago with the independence of South Sudan. What's more, various non-humanitarian actors use the label humanitarian to describe their activities. Thank you so much to you. The series help lecturers improve their knowledge of topical issues and provide teaching materials, thereby enabling them to cover these topics or issues in their courses or training sessions. We argue that entrusting the military with humanitarian tasks should occur only exceptionally and only in order to meet urgent needs beyond the immediate capacities of humanitarian organizations. This article begins by describing the history and development of the humanitarian principles; it then explains how the strategic choices of the ICRC are informed by these principles, and what the consequences are for the organization's capacity to act in favour of victims of armed conflicts. Shortly following the creation of the South Sudan Red Cross, the country was plunged into armed conflict. understand how the ICRC applies humanitarian principles in practice. I think this is why we have been able to work successfully without any major problems during the conflict in South Sudan. is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings This trust is increasingly difficult to build as the foundations of humanitarian aid are being called into question by various stakeholders. The work of the ICRC is based on the Geneva Conventions of 1949, their Additional Protocols, its Statutes - and those of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement - and the resolutions of the International Four principles - humanity, impartiality, neutrality, and independence - are considered the foundations of humanitarian action. @free.kindle.com emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. At the International Committee of the Red Cross, we are acutely aware that impartial humanitarian organizations are not immune from hostilities. The choice of criteria for the selection of partners put forward by the European Consensus as proposed by the Commission - professionalism, capacity to respond to identified needs (including presence and access); and adherence to the humanitarian principles is addressing precisely that issue. The ICRC helps those affected by armed conflict and promotes compliance with international humanitarian law. Today, despite very difficult circumstances, we continue to do our utmost to alleviate the suffering of the Iraqi population. They should devote their efforts to these key responsibilities and avoid blurring the line between military, political, and humanitarian action by labelling all of them as humanitarian . As it stands, the European Consensus on humanitarian aid states at the outset that " collectively the EU is the leading humanitarian donor in the world and Europeans are strongly committed to supporting humanitarian action " . My next question is about the relationship between the South Sudan National Society and the United Nations, which has been present in the country focusing on the protection of civilians. Upon clarifying this role, the ICRC participated at the global level in the discussions and attended all the meetings relating to this new approach. In the long run, this will probably open up possibilities for us to engage with them if need be. Analysis / Back to basics: humanitarian principles in contemporary armed conflict / Humanitarian Action / Law and Conflict Victoria Riello. We have all been reminded how the principles, in particular the principle of neutrality, can lead to misunderstanding and even outrage and why they nonetheless remain such a valuable compass and operational tool in highly polarized situations. The opinions expressed by the lecturers in the series are theirs alone, and not necessarily shared by the ICRC. Apply to Social Work Supervisor, Early Childhood Teacher, Sponsorship Manager and more! From 2007 to 2012 Emanuela-Chiara Gillard was chief of the Protection of Civilians Section in the Policy Development and Studies Branch of the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA). To save content items to your account, To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org Lecturers are encouraged to use them to integrate the topic in their course or training.4. Humanitarian action is rarely driven solely by needs, but also by access and security considerations, and availability of funding. IHL and humanitarian principles | International Committee of the Red Cross Who we are What we do Where we work War & Law IHL and humanitarian principles The Advanced IHL Learning Series are a resource for lecturers and trainers who wish to keep abreast of the latest developments in international humanitarian law (IHL) and other related areas. Was this challenging to follow, given the dynamics of the conflict? Fundamental principles of IHL International humanitarian law is the branch of international law that seeks to impose limits on the destruction and suffering caused by armed conflict. None of them are perfect nor do they work at all times but dismissing neutrality because it is misunderstood would be shortsighted. the contributions highlight three important dimensions of the principles guiding humanitarian action: (1) they function simultaneously as "tools to do the job" - providing a compass to navigate through difficult choices in situations of conflicts and violence (2) as "identity catalysts" - resulting from the experience of humanitarian workers, The Registered Agent on file for this company is Jenifer Wolf Williams and is located at 3612 Christopher Lane, Richardson, TX 75082. Feature Flags: { What is the normative framework governing relief operations? Organizations that are openly supportive of a party might not be able to work across front lines, but they may have better access to communities living on the territory under the control of the side that they support. Afterwards, with ICRC support, we went to disseminate information particularly in areas under opposition control that the Red Cross is not politically aligned with the government. Humanitarian principles Humanity: Human suffering must be addressed whenever it is found. The company's filing status is listed as In Existence and its File Number is 0803789521. We explained that the two emblems, the Red Cross and the Red Crescent Movement, have the same weight and the same meaning. O'Callaghan, Sorcha, and Leach, Leslie, ", 2. It is impossible to talk about humanitarian action today without mentioning the reform of the UN humanitarian system. Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. Analysis / Back to basics: humanitarian principles in contemporary armed conflict / Humanitarian Action / Law and Conflict, The ICRC in Israel, Golan, West Bank, Gaza, Cross-Files | ICRC Archives, audiovisual and library, Back to basics: humanitarian principles in contemporary armed conflict, Climate change, conflict and humanitarian action, Avoiding civilian harm during military cyber operations, Humanitarian principles in action: a Q&A with the South Sudan Red Cross. Prior to that, she spent seven years as legal adviser at the ICRC. The decision whether to speak out must be weighed against considerations of access, security and acceptance. As leaders, we also need to demonstrate the principles in action, because there is no way we can be accepted by all if we ourselves are not in compliance with those principles. Principled humanitarian action faces many challenges today. When the volunteers arrived, they were unfortunately attacked by some of the internally displaced people (IDPs) there, and two of them were severely beaten. suffering by promoting and strengthening humanitarian law and universal humanitarian principles. We explained that the Red Cross was an impartial, independent institution in terms of the services that we deliver. Does IHL refer to the principles? IHL and humanitarian principles: Addressees and sources (17), 6. of your Kindle email address below. The ICRC focusing on its exclusively humanitarian mission deliberately abstained from any action or declaration that could be interpreted as taking sides for one party or the other. Humanitarian principles need to be respected and promoted more than ever. We are led by world class physicians and prioritize delivering the best in . His work has focused on adapting the international humanitarian system to a changing world, the relevance of humanitarian principles, protection of civilians and international humanitarian law, and the relationship between humanitarian action and UN integration. In this post, ICRC Director-General Robert Mardini carves out a space for debate with a new series: Back to basics: humanitarian principles in contemporary armed conflict, calling on partners to contribute to this important discussion. The ICRC's main donor governments recognized the need to maintain the ICRC's independence. 06 July 2010. Humanitarian principles in action: a Q&A with the South Sudan Red Cross by ICRC Humanitarian Law & Policy Blog published on 2022-11-17T08:36:33Z On the eve of the declaration of independence by the Republic of South Sudan in 2011, the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement welcomed the establishment of a new National Red Cross Society - the . Further reading and resources: lecturers and humanitarian professionals are encouraged to further explore the topic via additional resources (e.g. It was among the IRS tax-exempted organization. We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Discussions about our neutrality in the Ukraine crisis jarred many of us at the ICRC, myself included, and reminded us that perhaps we have been taking for granted a universal acceptance and understanding of the bedrock of our everyday work: the humanitarian principles. These principles and policies allow us to situate the organization more clearly in international relations by allowing us to distinguish the ICRC's role, strategy, and tactics from other relevant actors. Development or peace actors are driven by yet another set of ambitions. Are the principles generally accepted from the beginning by volunteers and staff, or does it sometimes take a bit more training or discussion in order for them to be accepted by the team? Principles of International Humanitarian Law | How does law protect in war? IHL and humanitarian principles: Introduction (2), 5. It must carry on its humanitarian work throughout its territory. Analysis / Back to basics: humanitarian principles in contemporary armed conflict / Call for contributions / Humanitarian Action / Law and Conflict Ariana Lopes Morey. Some place the emphasis on preserving humanitarian access to meet the needs of the most vulnerable, and others focus on strengthening respect for human rights. Although legal and policy frameworks underpin the humanitarian principles, critical challenges continue to hinder implementation. Human nature is corrupt, and human values shape how we remain impartial. New York (ICRC) - Today is an important day in the history of humanitarian action. With such an informed public I don't need to expand on the principles themselves. 22 of the Hague Regulations, that "the right of belligerents to adopt means of injuring the enemy is not unlimited." When we got the report the next day, I went together with a colleague from the ICRC. This will be used to analyse traffic to the website, allowing us to understand visitor preferences and improving our services. But there was another tricky issue, which was a question from the population: Why are you changing from the Red Crescent to Red Cross? Likewise, the recent developments in Afghanistan are further proof how important and relevant the principle of independence still is in today's conflicts. In Iraq too, we have been present during the Iran-Iraqwar that lasted 8 years, the first Gulf War in the early 1990s, and then the period of international sanctions. HumanityThe International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, born of a desire to bring assistance without discrimination to the wounded on the battlefield, endeavours, in its international and national capacity, to prevent and alleviate human suffering wherever it may be found. We were very cautious about our relationship, particularly during the conflict. And before they go out, you still need to give them reminders on how to conduct themselves when interacting with their communities. In 1965, drawing on more than a century of experience, the International Red Cross Red Crescent Movement developed an ethical and operational framework to guide and enable its work, notably in highly polarized situations: the seven Fundamental Principles of the Movement. We sent our volunteers to one of these POC sites to set up water facilities for the people living there. After a long discussion, they came to understand, and apologized for what had happened. on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. What are the respective aims of IHL and the humanitarian principles? The reality is that aid organizations do take sides: they take the side of victims. Voluntary serviceIt is a voluntary relief movement not prompted in any manner by desire for gain. Freymond, "Humanitarian Policy and Pragmatism," Government and Opposition, 11 (Autumn, 1976), 425 A clear division of labour and complementarity between government donors and humanitarian organisations only enhances the effectiveness of humanitarian action. The secession of South Sudan from the north in January 2011 paved the way for our new National Society in the south. Before joining the ICRC, Emanuela was a legal adviser at the United Nations Compensation Commission. It must be open to all. We have to keep continuous engagement, and continuous application of the principles. 897/898, How Does Law Protect in War, Humanitarian Access and IHL, How Does Law Protect in War, Fundamental principles of IHL, How Does law Protect in War, Red Cross and Red Crescent Principles, How Does law Protect in War, Humanitarian Assistance, ICRC Research and Debate Cycle on Principles Guiding Humanitarian Action, Code of conduct for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in Disaster Relief, ICRC statement, Humanitarian Principles the importance of their preservation during humanitarian crises (2007), Report and audio recording of the ICRC panel discussion Humanitarian principles revisited? Read more about what we do and who we are. "useRatesEcommerce": false If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. I will therefore focus my argument on these two : independence and neutrality. On the eve of the declaration of independence by the Republic of South Sudan in 2011, the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement welcomed the establishment of a new National Red Cross Society the South Sudan Red Cross. To help ensure a smooth transition, we began working with the ICRC and the IFRC delegation in Sudan to lobby for a law that would recognize the South Sudan Red Cross and provide legitimacy as a national humanitarian organization in accordance with the Fundamental Principles of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. We meet in the cluster meetings, shared information and so on. At the end of the day, principled humanitarian action, when it works and is allowed to work, saves lives. Speaking with parties to conflict does not mean supporting them. The first contribution comes from the head of our Centre for Operational Research and Experience (CORE), Fiona Terry, who shares a personal journey of how she has overcome her unease with neutrality and embraced it as a critical enabler for humanitarian action. Ultimately, I want to believe that we have a shared ambition: to help those most in need, even in the most challenging situations. In the field, the ICRC coordinates with all humanitarian actors which are effectively delivering protection and assistance - whether they are engaged in the cluster approach or not. Who are they addressed to? In the international community one finds numerous actors dealing from time to time with humanitarian affairs states, United Nations organs and agencies, Doctors Without Borders, Amnesty International, the European Union's Humanitarian Office, and so on. The situation has been further exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Could you tell us a bit how the humanitarian principles helped your operations in this volatile context and also how it ensured the security of your staff and volunteers during this time? And of course, as a country that was emerging from and about to enter a new armed conflict, the principle of neutrality was very important for us to press upon our volunteers to ensure that we are not perceived to take sides in the conflict or engage in political dialogue that might compromise the integrity and perception of the National Society. } In a fluid situation it is necessary to lay down rules of behaviour which must be respected by everyone, from the [ICRC] President down to the last delegate. Humanitarian principles: Origins and definition (15), 3. To manage the resources and operations and for recruitment to take place, we had to ensure that the governance of the National Society reflected the identity of the population of South Sudan and the principles of unity and voluntary service. Its purpose is to protect life and health and to ensure respect for the human being. - Online casebook icrc.org Contact IHL Databases Download casebook Order book The Law The practice Pedagogical resources A to Z About Principles of International Humanitarian Law See Fundamental principles of International Humanitarian Law; CASE Emanuela holds a B.A. So the fact that Salva Kiir signed the law does not mean that organization belongs to him. Neutrality and independence, on the other hand, have no intrinsic moral value they are the practical tools for securing access to those affected by conflict or violence by creating and protecting a humanitarian space. To save content items to your account, Still, the primary duty of the armed forces is to preserve the safety and security of the civilian population during military operations and - as the law says to " grant to the ICRC all facilities within their power so as to enable it to carry out the humanitarian functions assigned to it () " . The EU Member States have in general demonstrated a firm commitment to these principles. How can the principles help foster respect for IHL? So the principles of humanity, of impartiality, of unity, of neutrality, and then independence making our own decisions in terms of determining the priorities of populations were all key in setting up the South Sudan Red Cross. In fact, neutrality does not command silence: humanitarians can and have publicly condemned actions, such as the bombing of a hospital, without compromising their neutrality. This was also the aspiration of most people in South Sudan, to have a Red Cross instead of a Red Crescent emblem. The ICRC participated in the discussions with donors and other humanitarian agencies which eventually led to the endorsement of the principles and good practices of Good Humanitarian Donorship by a large number of donors. The ICRC will of course welcome such a commitment. The first four principles humanity, impartiality, neutrality and independence have come to embody international humanitarian action. It is not enough to call upon great humanitarian principles. What about the principle of neutrality? There is a broad consensus on the pertinence and utility of these principles among our main governmental donors, which include the European Commission and 11 EU Member States. Observing strict political neutrality, the ICRC has sought and established dialogue with all of the many armed groups in Darfur. In that regard, understanding the close interaction between humanitarian principles and international humanitarian law is crucial for any lecturer addressing the topic. Required and suggested readings: before watching the videos, lecturers and humanitarian professionals are invited to familiarize themselves with the topic by working their way through the required and suggested reading.2. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Eastern Equatoria, Torit county, South Sudan. While humanity and impartiality are principles that most, if not all, humanitarian actors adhere to, independence and neutrality are more complex. Humanity and impartiality are substantive principles providing a moral compass: humanitarian action aims to prevent and alleviate suffering (humanity) and is driven solely by needs, irrespective of nationality, race, religious beliefs, class or political opinions (impartiality). After the removal from power of the Taliban in 2001 and the invasion of Iraq in 2003 the risk was real for the ICRC to be rejected outright by local forces actively resisting the US led coalition and the new governmental forces. Although the ICRC is mentioned specifi cally, the same article also says that these facilities shall as well be granted to other humanitarian organisations which are acting on the same basis. There she was responsible for advising headquarters and field colleagues on legal issues relating to: the protection of civilians in armed conflict, especially children; assistance activities; multinational forces; occupation; and private military/security companies. Since the seven Fundamental Principles of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement were adopted in 1965 by the Twentieth International Conference of the Red Cross, they have provided a pragmatic operational framework for humanitarian work worldwide. IndependenceThe Movement is independent. The reflections here are extremely best explained by the Secretary General of the South Sudan Red Cross Mr. John Lobor. Tags: humanitarian principles, IFRC, IHL, Red Cross Red Crescent, South Sudan, South Sudan Red Cross, 12 mins read Prior to this, he worked for the International Peace Institute (IPI) in New York, where he developed a new programme on humanitarian affairs. We explained the law was passed by parliament; which represents the population of South Sudan. An organizations ability to provide support also depends on its ability to strike a balance between competing priorities, needs and perception in order to preserve trust and acceptance. June 16, 2022,Analysis / Back to basics: humanitarian principles in contemporary armed conflict / Call for contributions / Humanitarian Action / Law and Conflict 7 mins read. This obviously only works if belligerents and armed groups can trust that the ICR C is pursuing an exclusively humanitarian mission. The videos feature lectures by speakers at the seminar, and discussions between them and participants. In a fluid situation it is necessary to lay down rules of behaviour which must be respected by everyone, from the [ICRC] President down to the last delegate. Your email address will not be made public. IHL and humanitarian principles: Future challenges and perspectives (3), ICRC booklet The Fundamental Principles of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, E-briefing on Principles guiding humanitarian action, ICRC workshop on humanitarian principles and action, International Review of the Red Cross, Principles guiding humanitarian action, Vol. The principle of neutrality surely causes the greatest levels of discomfort. 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