e) Does reflective practice, using digital media, have any impact either positively or negatively on intrinsic motivation? https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315232270, Registered in England & Wales No. V endstream endobj 247 0 obj<>stream 0000006201 00000 n It is planned that the remaining time will be used to compile and print the completed dissertation. xmuJvzy]Iv$nTiZTye4(@C ;w|9_e]]?uLpC?^L~:])A>{x?Og+mJ`_]?M7OXzxIV|:\$}#K*wAN0OPtWp"QNkENIE>qAh';:tyqP\q/Xtg`I,x8q8$-lfDw{: CU#P ^9jJ:b\Mdovi|GI5tc6kT%?>1hM\\PQe4NH (Maths, reading, general school attitude)? 235 0 obj <> endobj xref 235 24 0000000016 00000 n Unfortunately, this often involves insufficiently understood, and even problematic, measures of teacher effectiveness or teacher value added that are made public, and sometimes even used to humiliate rather than help teachers. Practitioner With some types of observation it is desirable to use the footage as part of supporting evidence or for further research at a later date. Question: How do you think a practitioner inquiry should be conducted? 0000003756 00000 n Study for free with our range of university lectures! A review of literature has shown that there are a number of definitions for intrinsic motivation but Lepper et al. However, it also allows for descriptive commentary where necessary to explain outcomes for example: were some behaviours observed at particular points of the lesson or were any a reaction to a stimulation. This is particularly important for individuals with attention and behaviour problems as Meltzer (2010) suggests these students often find it problematic to switch between strategies available to them. The other goes on to say with their own research they learned that autonomy learning "has nothing to do with letting students do whatever they want but let them discover they are responsible for their own learning." KQL4rb.D5G@H3 In myprevious post on this blog, I wrote about some of the ways in which practitioner inquiry allows teachers to strengthen, and even create, the specific aspects of teaching that characterize a profession, specifically specialized knowledge and respectful learning relationships with colleagues. This information will be provided to all involved in the form of a leaflet at the end of the dissertation. Although there is a growing wealth of research looking at two of the elements to this dissertation, a combination of all three for this age range has yet to be found. j@e"NxMtHnei%k;2PUstje@:#yw 49 What are the benefits from the adoption of practitioner enquiry? Collaborative Practitioner Enquiry North Lanarkshire Probationer Teachers From the end of September until the February 2012 half term, the information gathered will be collated and written up. CVDL. The book includes a variety of case studies to explore the effect of practitioner enquiry across a range of settings, and to show how you can bring about deep, sustainable and embedded change that has positive impacts for all learners. Autonomy:One of the factors that makes teaching difficult to classify is there is no real consensus (or, often, understanding) on where to draw the boundaries around teachers work. Six questions that can lift your leadership, shape your strategy, and transform your organization. example, narrative inquiry, dialogic inquiry, action research, classroom observation, and so on (cf. Finally, July will be used for the draft of the discussion and conclusion section. This point will be discussed later in this assignment. From simple essay plans, through to full dissertations, you can guarantee we have a service perfectly matched to your needs. Firstly, the Disclaimer: This is an example of a student written essay.Click here for sample essays written by our professional writers. Firstly, the amount of time it will take to watch the videos and carry out the coding and recording of the target information (Gillham, 2000) and secondly, the ethical implications of videoing children. After completing the CAIMI, the raw score for each of the five sub scales (four academic and one overall) can be gained. 0000001333 00000 n Gilham (2000) clarifies this by suggesting that very important statistical outcomes often dont provide the full picture, facts do not talk for themselves. Practitioner Based Enquiry, in which academic credits are awarded for systematic reflection on the process of teaching and learning, is said to have four primary characteristics. Registered office: Creative Tower, Fujairah, PO Box 4422, UAE. Chapters Video quick keys What is Practitioner Inquiry? Looking for a flexible role? 3099067 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG 2022 Informa UK Limited, Professional Development with Impact for Teachers, Schools and Systems, Case studies furthering professional and school development, Gilchrist, G. (2018). The video observation of the children will enable both qualitative and quantitative data to be collected. Greig (2007) suggests research using children should be something that is done with them, rather than to them, whilst the 2002 UNICEF guidelines on child research makes it clear that both the children and parents must know the implications of the research. 4 0 obj H,7=B\}ip=G#FBNb#%r>S!XO/Kp(}R3X^3n:oy*U:s,"Bod2rNUj"_dp+x HQC3tEm*RD3t~0K,)%=g>Ia$UTq$d}XpK"+Cv#f`9l3AUEGQncF$$$Pq OLg#N|)h%,vh; E;or&8lv-6 YP[t* In addition to this, they should be fully aware of ethical considerations such as, what data gathering instruments will be used, the use of video and how all material will be stored (Walliman, 2000). Written by an experienced Headteacher who has worked with many schools to support their own engagement with practitioner enquiry, and who has been using the approach himself for over eight years, the chapters examine all aspects of its theory, practice and engagement. ?3)>qxU1q Practitioner enquiry is a qualitative research method that uses the experiences and insights of practitioners to understand the complexities of their work. Storify. An important characteristic of a case study is that data must be drawn from a number of sources to provide validity to the outcomes (Qi, 2009). The Inventory measures intrinsic motivation in four school subjects and also provides an overall school motivation rating. In addition, it should be noted that the interviewer is not experienced in this form of data gathering and expects that this inexperience may influence the process with the need to repeat, ask for clarification or ask further questions at a later date. If not, then the videos can be reviewed to help provide evidence to help explain any unusual findings that the CAIMI may produce. Copyright 2003 - 2022 - UKEssays is a trading name of Business Bliss Consultants FZE, a company registered in United Arab Emirates. Two parallel year 6 classes will form the participants for this dissertation. g Heres how to do it in 12 easy steps: 1. This method has been chosen as the assignment of children is fixed (established classes), variables that may effect intrinsic motivation are identified before the research starts with one independent variable (video reflection) being chosen to manipulate the observed and measured dependent variable (intrinsic motivation) (Ary et al, 2009). Click here to navigate to respective pages. 0000000776 00000 n Reinders, H., & Balcikanli, C. (2011). It is intended to use the qualitative data that is collected from teacher interviews as explanation for the quantitative results. The interviews will be semi structured and use open ended questions. 0000001763 00000 n This links with the comments made earlier in the literature review regarding metacognition and intrinsic motivation needing subject specific attention. c) Does an increase in intrinsic motivation have a positive impact on the attention and behaviour patterns within the classroom setting? Practitioner enquiry 18 Pins 5y E Collection by Emma Davis Similar ideas popular now Project Based Learning Education 21st Century Classroom 21st Century Learning 21st Century Skills Practitioner Enquiry:Professional Development with Impact for Teachers, Schools and Systemsoffers an accessible, step-by-step guide to practitioner enquiry, describing what practitioner enquiry is, what its adoption in schools entails, and what research and experience says about its benefits and possible pitfalls. 9kw,bp /cP$_Q|x7;Wzb\Dj{D "|9OwD"nXeo MKKAfTv In this post, Ill expand on the ways teachers can and do use practitioner inquiry to build autonomy, client-centeredness, and public responsibility and accountability. This dissertation will be using the learning theory of constructivism as a theoretical model as it promotes the individual to use previous experiences to build new knowledge or understanding. Rationale for the Study The literature supports that using practitioner inquiry with preservice teachers can encourage the problematizing of ones Bad Edutainment. 0000007801 00000 n Although digital technology has been used extensively in research for the purpose of observation, its use as a medium for reflective practice is not well documented. Teachers being and becoming enquiring practitioners is at the heart of that. And closely studying what happens in classrooms, schools and beyond allows them to gain a deeper understanding of what is and is not working for their clients, and begin to take steps toward improvement. Asking this question challenges the individual to examine their own motivation for doing something, a form of self assessment that may lead to the development of their inner self or intrinsic motivation. This raw data can be displayed in both a graph form and have a qualitative element where contextual information is provided in a written description. This could a misconception that many teachers have. Williman (2000) states that sound ethical procedures are the basis of good research. %PDF-1.4 % Registered in England & Wales No. Practitioner inquiry builds and strengthens a different, farther reaching and more sustainable kind of autonomy where knowledge that advances and improves the work of teaching comes from teachers themselves. b) Does reflective practice using digital media affect motivation across reviewed subjects equally? Researchers, such as Alexander & Winne (2006) and Reynolds (2010) suggest that reflective practice helps to aid motivation and learning through the control of emotional states and a process of cognitive development (Baumeister, 2007). Practitioner enquiry (PE), as defined by Menter et al (2011), is a finding out or an investigation with a rationale and approach that can be explained or defended. At two-minute intervals, a record will be made of the children displaying off task behaviour and what they were doing. Another issue that may be raised is the potential that one class is getting something the other isnt. stream The data collected will be both quantitative and qualitative, with the inventory providing the statistical quantitative data and the observation and feedback proving the qualitative descriptive narrative. After the February half term, the second round of data collection will be undertaken. 0000010018 00000 n Although quantitative data is the easiest from which to extract results, it is important to ensure that all data collected is given an equal weighting in the final report (Hesser Biber, 2010). But perhaps the bigger issue with regards to professionalism might be the fact that teachers themselves have too little say in determining how the profession should be held accountable. During the dissertation there will be occasions when the children will be videoed. Although there are increasing calls to include teachers in the decisions that shape their work, they still have too few opportunities to exercise their professional judgment in the wider circles that shape teaching and learning, for example school/district/state and federal policies that shape (or even dictate) what gets taught, how and to whom. This information, together with the teacher interview information, will be used to make an independent evaluation of the childrens level of intrinsic motivation for the purpose of internal validation of this dissertation. %PDF-1.3 The precedent concept of teacher-as-researcher emerged in the 1960-80s in response to growing critiques that educational research was too far removed from the practitioner, and Client-centeredness:The shifting boundaries around teachers work means that establishing who their clients are is also complex. It is important that two individuals review the videos, as it will add to the validity of the data collected (Ary et al., 2009). << /Length 5 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> It will be key reading for teachers and school leaders in both primary and secondary sectors. Liz Simons, a teacher-consultant with the Bay Area Writing Project, reviews Marilyn Cochran-Smith and Susan Lytle's extensive work on practitioner inquiry, which contains their revised theory, context for the movement, and eight chapters by practitioners illustrating their theory. 0000012687 00000 n We're here to answer any questions you have about our services. Read her post and considering sharing it with others who have an interest in practitioner inquiry: http://ow.ly/rDDP308MttN. One intervention we are currently supporting is the The dissertation is not designed to alter or create a false environment for the children to work within. From this it is clear that the next step is in gaining consent for participation from the children and the parents of the two classes. DhF"jzvY,yyff9ZM5k8jN!Yosf{}2QuUNZK%x\m! Rather than being trusted to exercise their professional judgment, teachers are often expected (and held accountable) to implement best practices that are handed down from outside the profession, or implement other kinds of reforms that are mandated by policy-makers and administrators. (2009) suggest provides more accurate data than opinions of teachers and children alone. From early May until the end of June the author intends to focus on writing up the design, methods used and findings section. However, in this case it would be possible to delete the video taken as soon as the dissertation is complete. The findings can then be shared so it becomes more than reflection or personal enquiry. Practitioner enquiry, as defined by Menter et al (2011), is a finding out or an investigation with a rationale and approach that can be explained or defended. trailer <<391C2AC2D5D411DC87E100145136EB9E>]>> startxref 0 %%EOF 258 0 obj<>stream The social environment within which the individual exists, for example: parents, different teachers and peers, also have an impact on the development of motivation (Alexander, et al., 2006). 4ZPE:8Ho8`^ZE$_Ezh&;\;5jso}}'xt1TZ=ViHN i( dyto` IklZ(L4h:Gka4]4RweTl!Y.q.9^nSK|Rl*S;E$R@aX @`eo6Ik/7[#K0@/'#9D{0abK>ZR@rOraoo; z{ X6_H) 0000013055 00000 n %PDF-1.3 % 0000009472 00000 n The main bulk of quantitative data collected in this dissertation will be the undertaking of the Childrens Academic Intrinsic Motivational Inventory (CAIMI). Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of UKEssays.com. In this and myprevious post, I argued for the ways that practitioner inquiry allows teachers to build and strengthen those aspects of their profession that make it a profession. Along side this, a literature review will be undertaken with the first draft ready for proof reading by the end of February 2012. Because K12 teachers primary clients are children and adolescents, being effectively client-centered means teachers must balance childrens needs and desires against a broader vision for learning and growth that their clients themselves (by virtue of development and experience) dont and cant have. This is called triangulation and, as in the case of this dissertation, can be a collection of data from different sources about the same phenomena (Yin, 2003). A case study is often described as single instance of a bounded system and providing examples of real people in real situations (Nisbet & Watt in Cohen, 2007) In this dissertation the bounded system are two parallel classes that are being observed in the context of their classroom, taking part in their everyday and normal activities. On the other hand a disadvantage is that children may not respond truthfully (a lack of understanding the question or unwillingness to give truthful answers) and so the results are compromised (Ary et al, 2009). 0000003643 00000 n The Janet H and C. Harry Knowles Foundation, doing business as the Knowles Teacher Initiative, is recognized as a nonprofit organization by the IRS. Practitioner Enquiry serves as a much-needed injection of up-to-date research into the field, combining theory and practice in an engaging and comprehensive style. This direct observation of the class, Ary et al. The teacher interviews will be used to collect qualitative data for the purpose of both adding context and explanation to the outcomes of the Inventory. % Fortunately, our education system seems to be (very slowly) coming around to recognizing that student scores on annual achievement tests are at best incomplete, and at worst, highly misleading measures of teacher effectiveness. The group that I worked within chose to focus our professional enquiry on the topic of Growth In this way the impact of the period of reflective practice on intrinsic motivation can be measured in a numerical, precise and controlled manner providing both a base line to work from and also a scale to measure change. Education Scotland has announced its Teacher Leadership Programme is open for applications for academic year 2020/21; the closing date is 31 March 2020. From this, a rating scale for both number and intensity of off task behaviours can be devised. In this dissertation, participating children will be given an inventory to complete at both the beginning and end of the reflective practice period with fixed responses that, using the Likert Scale, will be given numerical values and in turn be used to produce graphs or tables for conclusions to be drawn from. In designing this dissertation, one of the biggest problems to overcome will be the gathering of information on other factors that may also influence motivation. This formal approach to observation will be non-participatory on the part of the observer as it is wished to view the class in a natural setting, with the pupils unaware that they are being recorded. "Don't ask kids what they want to be when they grow up, but what problems do they want to solve. He welcomed and supported the adoption of practitioner enquiry approaches and particularly advocated the 'Inquiry-as-stance' advocation of Marilyn Cochrane-Smith, where enquiry is seen very much as a disposition and a way of being for professionals. 0000012878 00000 n For too long weve been trying to fix teachers as though they are the problem and have no knowledge worth trustingand were not seeing things get better. Ary, Cheser Jacobs, Razavieh, & Sorenzen (2009) suggest that using a mixed approach to data collection can in some cases be preferable to a single approach as it may offer a better and more enlightening understanding. While its true that teachers have a certain degree of autonomy once they close their classroom doors and start teaching, autonomy at that level tends to get eroded by a variety of factors that constrain the actual work of teaching. The question of how intrinsic motivation develops and if it can be influenced has been studied in many different ways and encompasses a diverse array of theoretical viewpoints (Green, Martin & Marsh, online). In this dissertation the data will be taken from three different sources a childrens motivational inventory, class observation and teachers feedback. However, children could be provided with a simplified version of the research outline to ensure that they all understand. 0000003679 00000 n HUK0=AK 8]]gWt:J"-{2rF?endIH>>y*TVe(R{U_>,bvy+8Y2y):zUp5;Y^yofJI,Fg'[.y'kI6C This should be done in advance of the dissertation starting. Those who are competent in research skills should be encouraged to contribute more towards practitioner inquiry. Department heads play an important role as instructional leaders to encourage and support practitioner inquiry amongst the teachers. These include What Impact does Outdoor Learning have on Pupil Engagement and Confidence in Numeracy? Practitioner inquiry gives preservice teachers the tools to challenge previously-held assumptions and initial beliefs, while taking on a more active role in their learning. 0000004572 00000 n The aim in this practitioner enquiry was to explore the link between the effectiveness of a Plenary and to what extent it was linked to other parts of the lesson. Barbara Cambridge cited in Barrett (2004) suggests that it supports the principles for deep learning including reflection, whilst Buchwald et al. Coming to an agreement on how and what format the results can be viewed is also important. An understanding of the work of Gottfried (author of measurement Inventory in this dissertation) regarding subject specific motivation, as highlighted by Green (online), is also important. March 2010. Think about your professional development to date. Digital technology will enhance the ability of children with attention and behavioural problems to become reflective thinkers. The overall framework for this dissertation will be a case study. Late in the summer term 2010 a meeting with the parents and governors of the school to outline the research proposals and gain consent will be held. As with the observational technique, the main disadvantages of this form of data gathering is in the time it takes to review the interview and the potential for biased views from individuals. The other will form the control group. Copyright 2022 Knowles Teacher Initiative. The observation of pupils will be in the form of a video recording taken by the class teacher. 0000001417 00000 n HtTn0IRI77}P*zhzP%fPMoA/,]]ON9$:SMT &du7y]USP'^YsBr\=]MT4uWO9MK_dRZ,eZY]F Stirling Educational Psychology Service (EPS) is committed to raising the attainment of all children and young people in Stirling. What Will Education Look Like in a More Open Future? As this dissertation will be carried out in a main stream school and involve two year six classes, the first of the ethical considerations will be asking for consent for both the research to be carried out and for participants to agree to partake. x]M6rW>Dx>8^ol{X-kU-i~^d(b&D" >M~9/,-CWyk**&oM~!onn,o/!qr}C__iB};c2^Z;o?7]~nok}EYB3'Dg<>xS'a >Om -j7[go=KltLp@z! We've received widespread press coverage since 2003, Your UKEssays purchase is secure and we're rated 4.4/5 on reviews.co.uk. Cochran-Smith & Lytle, 2001; Florio-Ruane, 2001; Kamler, 2001; central part of their practitioner inquiry, writing is always a process of grappling with language (Doecke & Parr, 2005). As each section has been completed it will be passed to another individual for proof reading. That is to say: does the reported levels of childrens intrinsic motivation match what is being observed? Practitioner Enquiry: Professional Development with Impact for Teachers, Schools and Systems (1st ed.). 0000001613 00000 n A high level of intrinsic motivation towards academic studies is widely accepted to have a positive influence on long-term academic success (Guay, Chanal, Ratelle, Marsh, Larose & Boivin, 2010; Lepper, Corpus & Iyengar, 2005; Gottfried, 1990). N 2 l$^a%V$^MSs-8|^"%.n! E,7K6FFskn^ ;8WwX'^HTe 3R3_p`DQc6dj^ru>d"ACWuxROOsl2g#">Wg[j.^;3(,'BNUgLKNRp;ni:\}-w|pnnS12K^oV? What d) Does the initial starting point of intrinsic motivation effect the degree of change? When teachers do this work together, in a culture of professional respect and growth, they hold themselves to extremely high standards much higher and more exacting than is possible with more traditional means of teacher assessment. By linking enquiry into student learning to teacher learning, teachers can gain an understanding of what it is they need to learn to improve outcomes for students and However, ensuring the privacy of all the children must take priority with any information that could identify a child kept out of the literature (Quigley, 2008) for example: all names or identifying markers should be blanked out or given pseudonyms (McNiff and Whitehead, 2009). |' agm->4)8c |H;>W. The quantitative data will be collected in a quasi experimental approach. It is felt that alerting the pupils to the recording in advance will result in some pupils altering their behaviour patterns. Firstly, a measure of observation and measurement was needed that would provide a wider picture of the childrens behaviour than a survey could provide. The school is fairly certain that the promise of a roll out programme after the dissertation is completed will keep parents happy. *You can also browse our support articles here >. 5 Review & Reflect Questions. This method allows for a snap shot of off-task behaviour to be commentated on with conclusions being supported with numerical values. This article investigates and They should be provided with a complete outline for the dissertation that includes issues such as timelines, staff involvement and practical implications for the school. For note taking ease, it is intended to group linked thoughts, subjects and quotes together. In advance of the dissertation commencing and in conjunction with the class teachers, a list of behaviours that are deemed to be attention or behavioural problems constituting off task behaviour will be drawn up. There will be a reduction in off task and disruptive behaviours in the classroom. The improvement in the ability to reflect will have a positive effect on the intrinsic motivation of the children with attention and behaviour difficulties. practitioner inquiry for enhancing an individuals knowledge and professional learning, while also generating knowledge and capacity for professional communities. `."&Y@C5 Kx%fs\hT++L+(0W]bW wj*'M#P)X`LvBWd>N5~Uhm)xIdYv1T v@f7 ) endstream endobj 236 0 obj<> endobj 237 0 obj<> endobj 238 0 obj<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/ExtGState<>>> endobj 239 0 obj<> endobj 240 0 obj<> endobj 241 0 obj<> endobj 242 0 obj<> endobj 243 0 obj[/ICCBased 253 0 R] endobj 244 0 obj<> endobj 245 0 obj<>stream Practitioner enquiry involves teachers questioning their own educational beliefs, assumptions, values and practices. It is anticipated that the teachers of the classes will take the videos and download them onto the school server for viewing. case studies from a number of different contexts, showing enquiry in action; examples of research posters produced by teachers involved in enquiry. fH)hZ*64#|`Cd G!#Xg)B_QKx ^1ucx~P5>hBp?cCh=7*(,EP4_TXjV^d0vWF%&85"-Z3b3t@.&7tpj8n#2x3n$,D}OC?~icwdS|?PCBKVb15U80^}[ p3?ntj+/ZI"zXdBmn?I o#_9JOn=I<5r+aTsxv#@PLU@38O(Te 5bl!Wvu@w4:lFO$IRD_Bl0sZ]uMB;.Qq)~=+6gT|f=^rLY=!#|mX#e}yyOSK|4O+,{k*h=AIrt$-A"IWM5`VI7Ozb/8,j7xA[1g 0S`*z24'Kq|CBh$I isHx\-/nFb(mUp. Outcomes of practitioner professional development in this area are inconsistent and often dependent on costly, external input. Each of the target behaviours and individuals will be given an identity code. Brockbank, McGill & Beech (2002) state that most modern theories (of learning) promote the concept of reflection as essential for deep and significant learning. The data gathered from the observation will be primarily quantitative (use of the numerical rating scale), but with the opportunity for the teacher to add qualitative description to explain results. Practitioner Inquiry has been promoted as a means for people to research their own practice within many work-based contexts (e.g. education, social-work & health). Practitioner inquiry within work-based learning focuses on bridging the divide between academia and the employer. This self report Inventory is designed for children of primary school age, with wording of the 44 questions at an age appropriate reading level, however, it is possible for the questions to be read to individuals who are unable to complete this task independently. In part two of her blog post, KSTF Executive Director & CEO Nicole Gillespie explores how teachers can and do use practitioner inquiry to build autonomy, client-centeredness, and public responsibility and accountability. Do you have a 2:1 degree or higher? However, by carefully examining criteria, it is possible to select extracts from previous studies and relate the literature and conclusions to this dissertation. Despite numerous publications on practitioner inquiry, the literature in the area of pre-service practitioner inquiry is sparse. Cochran-Smith authored a number of articles documenting her efforts to enhance student teachers understanding and address issues of social justice and diversity (1991, 1995 and 1999). My work with KSTF Fellows over the past 12 years has given me uncountable examples of this. examples of research posters produced by teachers involved in enquiry. IRS Code: Section 501(c)(3) Tax Identification Number: 01-0485964. Secondly, as the author is currently not working in the school being used, hands on time will be a limiting factor and so the cycle of investigation and reflection with colleges, typical of action research, would not be possible. Therefore, based on the discussion outlined above, this dissertation will investigate the possibility that: 1. What Do We Really Mean When We Say Personalized Learning? The importance of this role is pointed out by Klenke (2008) as he suggests that it is only in face-to-face situations, that the complexity and subtlety which is human experience can be captured. All work is written to order. The analysis of the video looking at behaviour will also be collecting data in a quantitative format. | MindShift | KQED News, Student Voice and Choice: At Their Own Pace - YouTube. Practitioner Inquiry In Education Education Essay. Buchwald, Schantz-Laursen & Delmar (2009) suggest that for a number of reasons using a video camera for reflective activities may reduce the anxiety level of participants, for example: they are not faced with the pressure of either a one to one conversation or having to commit thoughts to paper. As part of the first year course work, the author of this assignment completed a small-scale experiment examining the effect of rewards and sanctions on childrens classroom behaviour. Qualitative data is collected to aid understanding a human phenomena, discourse or interaction (Lichtman, 2009) with other researchers (such as Yin, 2003; Sherman & Webb, 1988) emphasising the importance of the information gathered being a discovery that leads to insight rather than looking for a predetermined idea (Sherman et al., 1988). This method of looking at the data is called explanation building with the data providing an explanation for the case as a whole (Klenke, 2008). Both class teachers and myself will then view the videos, with a comparison of results. Clearly, it would be interesting for parents to see results for not only their child but both classes as well. But what it could be useful for is positioning teachers to take the lead in creating more effective and productive systems for accountability within their profession, that are also useful to the public. Under this method, the qualitative information collected (behaviour) will be allocated numerical value using a coding system. 2001). The participants are asked to respond to each question using a five point Likert scale that is scored by assigning a numerical value to each answer. A signed consent form should be gathered from each child. Public responsibility and accountability: In recent years, teachers have experienced increasing levels of public accountability. Free resources to assist you with your university studies! Elizabeth Radin Simons. There will be three forms of measurement undertaken to determine the childrens level of intrinsic motivation at the start and the end of the dissertation. i@r$ Z 5"BPi0|>-DfasI oGJcn2ZGF;r>VHQl3D$\&u`m$T'g}''J2,o"Y]6Ut $9Sh{#Bx:MaRerx-uORY In other words, teachers often dont have enough control over their profession to be, much less hold each other accountable to being, client centered. Practitioner inquiry is a system for generating knowledge grounded in data. (2016). 0000002271 00000 n Reflective practice is often described as knowing about knowing and can be termed metacognition (Wikipedia b, no date) with Donovan & Bransford in Alexander (2006) stating that metacognition does not work independently of content but that strategies must be taught in context of subject areas. Quantitative data is used in research to explain phenomena using mathematically based methods (Aliaga & Gunderson cited in Muijs, 2004). Gottfried has attempted to negate this by using age appropriate language and both positive and negative instances of intrinsic motivation (Williams, 1997) a comparison of which will highlight bias. However, the kind of knowledge that teachers generate through inquiry is complex and often highly contextual, which means its not particularly useful for public accountability. Again, as the information will be gathered both before and after the research it will be possible to make a direct comparison of behaviour change. << /Length 5 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> }s&PTcK% 76vijs@w\Wlo9.L,H.+XV} "*B*@vsf%4dqL&P%(d2F:M` Y2jB, 7?% xb```e``kx9[9y8\W.^'%}zg`r{|g|j/PVV1/b%3zmxd>^a?*)qi{piA9]K ?afoiHM7]-3YU'&2|uewK;pUAh``` &0Wrf `|f !8`&(~ - Within each class there are 4 children with attention or behavioural problems. This raises a number of ethical issues such as who is allowed to see the videos, how they will be stored and what happens after the dissertation ends. Devised 1986 by A E Gottfried, the scale measures childrens intrinsic motivation in a school environment as defined by Gottfried herself. Method How does it work? This will also negate the impact of the differing starting points for each child as it is the change that is being measured not the level of intrinsic motivation at the end of the dissertation. Within professional learning, enquiry is a tool to support practitioners to interrogate and improve their practice to have a positive impact on the learning of their students. There are many different enquiry methods. This provides a web of what learner autonomy looks like: critically reflective, self-motivated, collaborative, independent, self-directed, decision-making skills, and self-aware. In addition, to try and lessen the impact that different teaching styles may have, the teaching team have agreed to deliver the same materials for each subject in the dissertation, at the same time of day and using the same teaching mediums. Practitioner inquiry is a simple, systematic approach to professional development that can be done by whole schools, groups of teachers or individuals. Finally, ethnography was not chosen as this dissertation does not take into account the childrens cultural or economic backgrounds, nor does it study the implications these may have on the outcomes of the dissertation. In order to carry out the research, it is proposed that the following will form the starting hypothesis and questions for the dissertation: a) What impact does digital reflection have on the intrinsic motivation of children with attention and behavioural issues as opposed to the experience of their peers? Practitioner enquiry consists of: the underpinning principles and aims of practitioner enquiry being Practitioner enquiry is an effective way to allow you to involve your pupils in creating change in your classroom. These are all different issues from non-visual data as in the case of the video all the children can be easily identified (Flewitt, 2006). It may also be constructive to plot, as a bar chart, the change in intrinsic motivation for each child, reflecting the possibility of both positive and negative changes. The information includes teacher practitioner enquiry posters on a padlet well worth looking at! But when you engage with colleagues and look closely at data, it becomes a lot harder to fool yourself. 0000003247 00000 n First and foremost, inquiry allows teachers to develop a more thorough and nuanced understanding of their students. 0000005401 00000 n I do, however, remain convinced that its time to get behind teachers and trust them to lead the way to improvement. Its even difficult for teachers themselves to systematically identify effective teaching, and this is where practitioner inquiry becomes critical. How can we create a supportive and encouraging learning environment which can help to lower anxiety filters and challenge students to consider new or alternative methods of learning. (McCarthy, 2, Personalize Learning: Continuum of Ownership: Developing Autonomy. These issues need to be discussed in advance of the dissertation with both the school and parents. As children with attention and behavioural problems often have difficulty regulating their emotions effectively (Hunter-Carsch, 2006) they can find the process of reflection difficult to undertake. Furthermore, teachers voices arent often the loudest, or sometimes even present, when it comes to clarifying collective beliefs and values with regards to schooling, or the definition of high-quality or effective teaching or successful learning. This Inventory has been chosen over others as it focuses purely on intrinsic motivation, where as others that were considered, such as the Elementary School Motivational Scale, also include measures for factors such as extrinsic motivation. Chapter 2: Creating the conditions for practitioner enquiry to be successfully adopted Chapter 3: Carrying out an enquiry: the process Chapter 4: The role of school leaders/principals in practitioner enquiry Chapter 5: The role of the teacher in practitioner enquiry Chapter 6: What are the benefits from the adoption of practitioner enquiry?. Reflect. As the childrens own reflection diary will be part of normal school activities, the school is taking responsibility for all aspects of data collection, distribution and ethics in relation to it. The findings can then be shared so An example of a hugely successful franchise is Sid Meiers Civilization Gamification in Biology Teaching: A Sample of Kahoot Application, Turkish Online Journal of Qualitative Inquiry. Effective teaching is highly complex and contextual factors beyond teachers control have considerable effects on student learning. To gain an understanding of how motivation in individuals may be constructed and how individuals develop competence and control beliefs about themselves, motivation theories, such as self determination (Deci), social cognitive / self-efficacy (Bandura), attribution theory (i.e: Weiner) and goal orientation theory need to be examined. But the field is still struggling to develop adequate, never mind efficient, measures of teaching effectiveness. (2005), is typical of many stating that intrinsic motivation is: the desire to engage in behaviors for no reason other than sheer enjoyment, challenge, pleasure, or interest. Reflective practice aids the learner to become more aware of these thought processes and so have a greater understanding of the strategies they use to overcome problems (Wikipedia a, no date). You need to set up a kind of task force, start up a committee, and identify someone who is able to We will make clear the underlying assumptions of practitioner enquiry and what the implications of engaging in enquiry are in regards to an orientation towards play. Teachers engaging in practitioner inquiry are not going to solve all the problems of our very complex and varied education system, and teachers cannot be expected to solve these problems on their own. 0000002848 00000 n Through seeking permission before the start of the dissertation, it will be possible to ensure that only children who have granted consent will be seen on the videos. Our academic experts are ready and waiting to assist with any writing project you may have. Many, even most, teachers feel strongly that their students are their primary clients, but they also recognize that they serve the parents/guardians of students, communities and even society as a whole. One way around this could be to provide the parents with a full outline of the dissertation proposal and the children a partial one, for example: telling the children they will be observed but not when it will be done. By using this form of comparison with a mean score, it is possible to place a child on a motivation continuum from low to high intrinsic motivation. In the first instance the school board of governors and the head teacher need to be asked, in writing, for their approval. As the school is currently undergoing some staffing changes and requires time to purchase and install video technology, a delayed start date has been negotiated for September 2011. It must also be made very clear to all children and parents that if any child does not wish to take part in the research, or wishes to withdraw after the research has started, then it would be possible for them to discretely be given an out of class activity when data collection activities are happening. After reviewing a selection of current research (for example: Barrett, 2004; Buchwald et al, 2009; Lofthouse & Birmingham, 2010) it became apparent that using digital technology as a medium for reflective practice could help to develop an environment that may be more creative, exciting and motivating, whilst also removing the element of expressive writing which many children with attention and behavioural difficulties find difficult to carry out. understanding of the importance of research and engagement in our professional enquiry. Practitioner inquiry builds and strengthens a different, farther reaching and more sustainable kind of autonomy where knowledge that advances and improves the work of teaching comes from teachers themselves. As a teacher, its tempting to leave a class feeling good about what students are learning based on head nods, raised hands and quality conversation. 3099067, Creating the conditions for practitioner enquiry to be successfully adopted, The role of school leaders/principals in practitioner enquiry, The role of the teacher in practitioner enquiry. One of the classes will take part in a period of reflection on their academic studies using the medium of video cameras to record their thoughts. The biggest advantage of using an Inventory such as this is that it can be administered quickly and easily to all participants and it requires little explanation for completion (Williams, 1997). (2009) suggest that popular television shows (such as Big Brother) has made the concept of videos diaries and audiovisual technology for the younger generation a more comfortable experience to share personal thoughts with. Breadcrumbs Section. g ]>_2+1 ~M|RFFxVc Ni#r.i:%BuN This will be followed by a meeting with the children, again to outline the research and gain their consent. AI Practitioner, 14(1), 8-20. To export a reference to this article please select a referencing stye below: If you are the original writer of this essay and no longer wish to have your work published on UKEssays.com then please: Our academic writing and marking services can help you! In line with the comments made by Sherman et al (1988) earlier in this assignment, the data gathered is expected to provide information towards a context for some of the childrens displayed behaviour rather than provide a test for the proposed hypothesis. The conclusion involved a discussion on whether rewards and sanctions condition children to respond to the expectations of others instead of asking what kind of person do I want to be? (Kohn cited in Fisher, 2003). Video Type: Interview Add to list Transcript Auto scroll Download PDF Summary What are your strengths? case studies from a number of different contexts, showing enquiry in action; examples of research posters produced by teachers involved in enquiry. Practitioner inquiry is defined by Richardson (1994) as research that is conducted by teachers to help them understand their contexts, practice, and their students all with an expected outcome of enhancing practice. A high level of intrinsic motivation towards academic studies is widely accepted to have a positive influence on long-term academic Case study of a whole-school approach to practitioner enquiry, how you can create the conditions for succeeding with practitioner enquiry, the process of enquiring into your practice, the role of school leaders and teachers in successful enquiry processes, the benefits you may expect from such enquiry, case studies from a number of different contexts, showing enquiry in action. The findings from the assignment, along with personal experience working in an International school where reflection for children is common place, has shown the author that reflective practice is a valuable piece of self assessment but that not every child finds easy to complete nor gains anything worthwhile out of it. Research shows that there are a number of factors that influence intrinsic motivation; reflection on academic learning being one of them. There are two main disadvantages of this form of observation. It is anticipated that coding, compiling information etc will take until the end of April 2012. stream My Practitioner Enquiry Journey Thursday 8th May 2014 Why did I choose this area? between theory and practice makes practitioner enquiry a valuable mode of applied research that enriches and challenges teachers professional reflection and development. 4 0 obj Practitioner inquiry is defined by Richardson (1994) as research that is conducted by teachers to help them understand their contexts, practice, and their students all with an expected Scaffolding Student Skills For Productive Classroom Discussions, Learning to Learn - A Metacognitive Attitude | Moia Rowsome | LinkedIn. HTKn0=% D4/E Although gaining the consent of all is not anticipated as a problem, alerting the children to the intended objectives risks them altering their behaviour patterns for the duration of the research. It is also important to note that, as they know the class well, the teacher observers are at a risk of bringing a biased view to their observations (Muijs, 2004). These are: CAIMI Childrens Academic Intrinsic Motivational Inventory. My work with KSTF Fellows over the past 12 years has given me uncountable examples of this. 0000013224 00000 n It is also possible to see that for one of the dissertation questions (d) it would be helpful to draw a scatter gram to demonstrate the level of change that may have occurred. No plagiarism, guaranteed! Practitioner inquiry in 12 easy steps Practitioner inquiry is a simple, systematic approach to professional development that can be done by whole schools, groups of teachers or They will not be copied or viewed outside of the school buildings. Once raw scores have been determined, the Inventorys manual provides tables to convert the data into normalised T scores and percentiles. Closely related to the class observations, the two class teachers will be interviewed and asked about their beliefs and feelings regarding the intrinsic motivation of the class and any contextual factors they feel are important (Ary et al., 2009). 2. In the case of this dissertation, as the author wont be in the school often and so the opportunity for the author to act as a primary data collection tool will be limited, the element of teacher feedback will be crucial in providing a better insight into additional contextual and environmental factors for example: parental and peer influence. Q+ j jTF?Bc0'GtZ )J@UUc514qn5r / %K0V)oi`1JMEZUtSp7$r)lHHnj]JJ6%:i\m J8:cxx02 wHaL6_T q-zCo. Doc1. It would be possible to code the information gained and draw information from it in a quantitative format, however, in this case it is the expanded descriptive information that is important. This changes the conversation from who do I want to work for, to what do I need to learn to be able to do that. Jaime Casap, Google Global Education Evangelist #education #goals #QOTD. Using a graph, in conjunction with either a percentile or standardised scale, it will be possible to draw bar graphs for the purpose of evaluation and comparison of data, for example: before and after results for each child across the target subjects. 0000008610 00000 n Chapters cover: Practitioner Enquiry serves as a much-needed injection of up-to-date research into the field, combining theory and practice in an engaging and comprehensive style. K&$"ZS(z9x+' &_yWa00MmW>1? *[e7mf ]l endstream endobj 246 0 obj<>stream Whilst it is acknowledged that factors such as peer / parent relationships cannot be controlled, it is hoped that the information provided by the teachers may help to explain some of the issues. Conclusion *Evidence gathered *Difficulties *Children's For example: Barrett looks at using video and reflection for learning but through story telling whilst Buchwald look at using video diaries for reflection but in the case of children with serious illnesses. 0000007003 00000 n Learning to foster autonomy: The role of teacher education materials Studies in Self-Access Learning Journal, 2 (1), 15-25. Routledge. 3. Our study aimed to understand whether and how practitioner-led inquiry may offer an alternative, sustainable and scalable way of developing dialogic practices, characterising effective organisational models. What is Practitioner Inquiry? Class teachers will administer the Inventory. The BERA Guidelines (2004) discusses this form of deception and states that it must be avoided unless it is used to ensure the appropriate data is collected. X}{kB[v81,4M-oz18$`lMZggzVOf' I/|!eLKx.7%}b@kNGSB O8'I 08Pu Another consideration to reassure parents and participants about will be how the collected data will be stored, used and then, where it will be published. By supporting teachers to engage in practitioner inquiry, KSTF is betting on teachers to be the change agents we need, and so far, its proving to be a good bet. However, the current structures for school funding and development of educational policy in the U.S., in particular the focus on annual, high-stakes testing, can actually work counter to teachers efforts and ability to be student-centered. Reflective practice is now appearing in many new education initiatives, such as the Scottish Governments Curriculum for Excellence and has been suggested by Zubizarreta (2009) to be arguably the new frontier in teaching. Parents will be informed along the same lines as the board of governors with parents asked to return signed consent forms. The main focus was on personalized-learning-guide-beginners There is a difference between personalized learning and differentiation. Relinquishing control; working for an authentic audience; and student autonomy and collaboration are three keys to tapping into students' intrinsic motivation. Pupil observation will take place to determine the level and intensity of attention and behavioural issues occurring in target subjects. If you need assistance with writing your essay, our professional essay writing service is here to help! The initial teacher interviews, behaviour observation and CAIMI data collection sessions will take place in the first three weeks of September. But when teachers engage in inquiry focused on student learning, they become client-centered in ways that they, and they alone, can control. The definition of "personalized learning" is as varied as the richness of instruction tailored to learners. 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